青钱柳叶中黄酮化合物结构及含量研究

研究青钱柳(Cydocaryap paliurus(Baud．)Iljinsk．)叶中的黄酮化合物结构及含量分布。采用溶剂萃取及多种色谱技术分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱分析方法鉴定其结构,确定从青钱柳中分离得到山柰酚、槲皮素和异槲皮苷3个黄酮单体化合物,并用反相高效液相色谱法对其含量进行了测定,测得各自在甲醇和水提取物中的含量：山柰酚0．0387％,0．0337％;槲皮素0．0615％,0．0603％;异槲皮苷0．543％,0．464％。     

New triterpenoid saponins from the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus

Two new secodammarane triterpenoid saponins, cyclocariosides I and J (1 and 2), and a new epoxydammarane triterpenoid saponin, cyclocarioside K (3) were isolated from the ethanol extracts of the leaves of Cyclocarya paliurus. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques.     

青钱柳黄酮化合物结构及含量

研究了我国特有的胡桃科植物青钱柳(Cyclocaryapaliurus(Batal.)Iljinsk.)叶中的黄酮化合物结构及含量分布。采用溶剂萃取及各种色谱技术分离纯化,根据理化性质和光谱分析方法鉴定其结构。用反相高效液相色谱法对青钱柳中的山柰酚、槲皮素和异槲皮苷的含量进行了测定。色谱条件为AlltimaC18柱(5μm,150×4.6mm),流动相A为H2O:HOAc=98:2,流动相B为CH3CN。洗脱程序为:8%B→30min→50%B→5min→50%B→5min→8%B。检测波长为360nm,流速为0.6mL/min。该方法的平均回收率和RSD为98.6%和1.57%。首次从青钱柳中分离得到3个黄酮单体化合物:山柰酚(kaempferol,I)、槲皮素(quercetin,Ⅱ)和异槲皮苷(isoquercitrin,Ⅲ),其在甲醇和水提取物中的含量分别为:山柰酚0.0387%,0.0337%;槲皮素0.0615%,0.0603;异槲皮苷0.543%,0.464%。     

Chemical Fingerprint and Determination of Triterpenoids in Cultured Cyclocarya paliurus Cells by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

Cyclocarya paliurus is a medicinal plant containing various bioactive components with significant health benefits. Cell cultures of C. paliurus have been used to produce these bioactive metabolites. A chemical fingerprint was obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to monitor the synthesis of major triterpenoids in cultured C. paliurus cells and provide a reliable quality assessment for the cell strain screening. The determination of five triterpenoids, namely, maslinic acid, corosolic acid, betulinic acid, oleanic acid, and ursolic acid, was also performed. The HPLC method for the determination of triterpenoids in the cultured cells was accurate, stable, and reliable, and therefore suitable for chemical fingerprint analysis. Sixteen C. paliurus cell strains varied dramatically in their triterpenoid accumulations. The concentrations of the triterpenoids were 0.45–2.19 (maslinic acid), 0.92–5.34 (corosolic acid), 2.58–4.70 (betulinic acid), 4.07–12.47 (oleanic acid), and 12.64–40.98 (ursolic acid) mg/g. A high yield cell strain had a total triterpenoid concentration of 66.34?mg/g. Ten peaks in the HPLC chromatogram with reasonable height and high resolution were assigned as characteristic for fingerprint and analysis. A reference fingerprint was also obtained for cell strain assessment.     

α-Glucosidase inhibitors screening from Cyclocarya paliurus based on spectrum–effect relationship and UPLC–MS/MS

Cyclocarya paliurus is an edible and medicinal plant exhibiting significant hypoglycemic effect. However, its active components are still unclear and need further elucidation. In this research, the active components of the leaves of C. paliurus responsible for the α-glucosidase inhibitory activity were screened and identified based on a spectrum–effect relationship study in combination with ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC–MS/MS) analysis. The 70% ethanol eluate fraction of the leaves of C. paliurus with the strongest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was obtained after extraction and purification with macroporous resin. Their chromatographic fingerprints (15 batches) were established by UPLC analysis and 32 common peaks were specified by similarity analysis. Their IC₅₀ values for α-glucosidase inhibition were measured by an enzymatic reaction. Several multivariate statistical analysis methods including hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis, partial least square analysis and gray relational analysis were applied to explore the spectrum–effect relationship between common peaks and IC₅₀ values, and the chromatographic peaks making a large contribution to efficacy were screened out. To further elucidate the active components of leaves of C. paliurus, the 70% ethanol eluate fraction was characterized by UPLC–MS/MS analysis, and 10 compounds were identified. This study provides a valuable reference for further research and development of hypoglycemic active components of C. paliurus.     

青钱柳多糖活性炭脱色工艺

采用热水浸提法提取青钱柳多糖,用活性炭脱色,以脱色率和多糖保留率为指标,在单因素试验的基础上采用正交试验法对多糖脱色的最佳工艺进行优选。结果表明:活性炭吸附法对青钱柳多糖具有良好的脱色效果,最佳工艺条件为:温度为40℃,吸附时间40min,活性炭用量1%,pH值3.5。在此条件下脱色率可达(80.3±2.1)%,多糖保留率为(55.6±2.5)%,预测模型的计算结果和试验结果基本一致。     

青钱柳叶植物药中生命元素的溶出特性及其化学形态研究

青钱柳具有降低血糖和血压、抗肿瘤及抗衰老等多种功能,但对其生理活性的物质基础尚不清楚［１］．研究表明,锌、锰、镁等生命元素与人体胰岛素分泌和葡萄糖的利用有关,可能在其降血糖方面发挥了重要作用［１,２］．但元素活性与其形态密切相关．本文结合中草药微量元素形态分析的层次模式［３］,用Ｃ－１８柱分离、流动注射－电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法［４］研究了青钱柳叶干制品中锌、锰、镁、铁等元素的含量及在不同溶剂中的溶出特性和化学形态．１实验部分１． １微波消解采用ＳＨＩＮ ＣＯ ＭＫ－Ⅱ光纤控压密闭微波快速消解系…